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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Phellandrene</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p>Die <b>Phellandrene</b> sind eine Gruppe <a href="Chemische_Verbindung" title="Chemische Verbindung">chemischer Verbindungen</a>, genauer von <a href="Monoterpen" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoterpen">Monoterpen</a>-<a href="Kohlenwasserstoffe" title="Kohlenwasserstoffe">Kohlenwasserstoffen</a>. Es handelt sich um farblose, ölige Flüssigkeiten. Sie sind Bestandteil von <a href="%C3%84therisches_%C3%96l" class="mw-redirect" title="Ätherisches Öl">ätherischen Ölen</a>.
</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vertreter">Vertreter</h2></div>
<p>Die Struktur<a href="Isomere" class="mw-redirect" title="Isomere">isomere</a> α-Phellandren und β-Phellandren weisen je ein stereogenes Zentrum auf. Folglich gibt es je zwei Enantiomere des α-Phellandrens und des β-Phellandrens:
</p>
<table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%">

<tbody><tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe6" colspan="5"><b>Phellandrene</b>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left">Name
</td>
<td>(<i>R</i>)-α-Phellandren</td>
<td>(<i>S</i>)-α-Phellandren</td>
<td>(<i>R</i>)-β-Phellandren</td>
<td>(<i>S</i>)-β-Phellandren
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left">Strukturformel
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left">Andere Namen
</td>
<td>(<i>R</i>)-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadien
</td>
<td>(<i>S</i>)-2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexadien
</td>
<td>(<i>R</i>)-3-Methylene-6-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexen
</td>
<td>(<i>S</i>)-3-Methylene-6-(1-methylethyl)cyclohexen
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><small>ISOPROPYLMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE</small> (<a href="Internationale_Nomenklatur_f%C3%BCr_kosmetische_Inhaltsstoffe" title="Internationale Nomenklatur für kosmetische Inhaltsstoffe">INCI</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-CosIng_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CosIng-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left" rowspan="3"><a href="CAS-Nummer" title="CAS-Nummer">CAS-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=4221-98-1">4221-98-1</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></td>
<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2243-33-6">2243-33-6</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></td>
<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=6153-17-9">6153-17-9</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></td>
<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=6153-16-8">6153-16-8</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=99-83-2">99-83-2</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> (<i>RS</i>)-α-Phellandren</td>
<td colspan="2"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=555-10-2">555-10-2</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> (<i>RS</i>)-β-Phellandren
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=1329-99-3">1329-99-3</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> (unspez.)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left" rowspan="3"><a href="EG-Nummer" title="EG-Nummer">EG-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td>224-167-6</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">202-792-5</td>
<td colspan="2">209-081-9
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4">215-532-0
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left" rowspan="3"><a href="ECHA" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA">ECHA</a>-Infocard
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.021.971">100.021.971</a></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.002.538">100.002.538</a></td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.008.257">100.008.257</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.014.121">100.014.121</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left" rowspan="2"><a href="PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/442482">442482</a></td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/443160">443160</a></td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/443161">443161</a></td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/442484">442484</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/7460">7460</a></td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/11142">11142</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left"><a href="Summenformel" title="Summenformel">Summenformel</a>
</td>
<td colspan="4">C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left"><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Molare Masse</a>
</td>
<td colspan="4">136,24 g·<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a><sup>−1</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left"><a href="Aggregatzustand" title="Aggregatzustand">Aggregatzustand</a>
</td>
<td colspan="4">flüssig<sup id="cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MerckIndex-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left">Kurzbeschreibung
</td>
<td colspan="2">farblose bis gelbliche Flüssigkeit<sup id="cite_ref-merck_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left"><a href="Siedepunkt" title="Siedepunkt">Siedepunkt</a>
</td>
<td>171–172 <a href="Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius">°C</a><sup id="cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MerckIndex-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>171–172&nbsp;°C<sup id="cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MerckIndex-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left"><a href="Dichte" title="Dichte">Dichte</a>
</td>
<td colspan="4">0,84 bis 0,85 g·cm<sup>−3</sup> (20 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MerckIndex-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left"><a href="L%C3%B6slichkeit" title="Löslichkeit">Löslichkeit</a>
</td>
<td colspan="4">nahezu unlöslich in Wasser, löslich in Ether<sup id="cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MerckIndex-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left"><a href="Brechungsindex" title="Brechungsindex">Brechungsindex</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2">1,471 (25&nbsp;°C)<sup id="cite_ref-CRC90_3_420_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRC90_3_420-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td>
<td colspan="2">1,4788 (20&nbsp;°C)<sup id="cite_ref-CRC90_3_420_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRC90_3_420-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left"><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">GHS-<br>Kennzeichnung</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<table class="hintergrundfarbe-neutral" style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; display:flex; justify-content:center;">

<tbody><tr>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien#Übersicht:_EU-Gefahrensymbole,_UN/GHS-Gefahrenpiktogramme,_UN/ADR-Gefahrensymbole" title="02 – Leicht-/Hochentzündlich"></a></span>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien#Übersicht:_EU-Gefahrensymbole,_UN/GHS-Gefahrenpiktogramme,_UN/ADR-Gefahrensymbole" title="07 – Achtung"></a></span>
</td>
<td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien#Übersicht:_EU-Gefahrensymbole,_UN/GHS-Gefahrenpiktogramme,_UN/ADR-Gefahrensymbole" title="08 – Gesundheitsgefährdend"></a></span>
</td></tr></tbody></table> Gefahr<sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<table class="hintergrundfarbe-neutral" style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; display:flex; justify-content:center;">

<tbody><tr>
<td><i>keine Einstufung verfügbar</i>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="hintergrundfarbe5" align="left" rowspan="3"><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze" title="H- und P-Sätze">H- und P-Sätze</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: H-Sätze"></span><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Flüssigkeit und Dampf entzündbar.">226</span></span></a>​‐​<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Verursacht Hautreizungen.">315</span></span></a>​‐​<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Verursacht schwere Augenreizung.">319</span></span></a>​‐​<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Kann bei Einatmen Allergie, asthmaartige Symptome oder Atembeschwerden verursachen.">334</span></span></a>​‐​<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Kann die Atemwege reizen.">335</span></span></a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: H-Sätze"></span><i>siehe oben</i>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: EUH-Sätze"></span><i>keine EUH-Sätze</i>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: EUH-Sätze"></span><i>siehe oben</i>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: P-Sätze"></span><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#P-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Einatmen von Staub / Rauch / Gas / Nebel / Dampf / Aerosol vermeiden.">261</span></span></a>​‐​<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#P-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Bei Kontakt mit den Augen: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.
(Geänderter Text seit Inkraftreten der „8. Anpassung an den Technischen Fortschritt“ am 1. Februar 2018)">305+351+338</span></span></a>​‐​<a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#P-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Bei Symptomen der Atemwege: Giftinformationszentrum, Arzt oder … anrufen.">342+311</span></span></a><sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: P-Sätze"></span><i>siehe oben</i>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>Das 1:1-Gemisch aus (<i>R</i>)-α-Phellandren und (<i>S</i>)-α-Phellandren ist (<i>RS</i>)-α-Phellandren, ein <a href="Racemat" title="Racemat">Racemat</a>.
Analog ist (<i>RS</i>)-β-Phellandren ein Racemat aus (<i>R</i>)-β-Phellandren und (<i>S</i>)-β-Phellandren.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vorkommen">Vorkommen</h2></div>
<p>α-Phellandren kommt unter anderem in <a href="Sternanis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sternanis">Sternanis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-PhyRes2020-1248_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PhyRes2020-1248-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Dill_(Pflanze)" title="Dill (Pflanze)">Dill</a> (<i>Anethum graveolens</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-FFJ1997-305_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FFJ1997-305-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Arznei-Engelwurz" title="Arznei-Engelwurz">Arznei-Engelwurz</a> (<i>Angelica archangelica</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="Canarium_luzonicum" title="Canarium luzonicum">Canarium luzonicum</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Eukalyptus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukalyptus">Eukalyptus</a> (<i><a href="Eucalyptus_dives" title="Eucalyptus dives">Eucalyptus dives</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="Eucalyptus_globulus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucalyptus globulus">Eucalyptus globulus</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) <a href="Echter_Lorbeer" title="Echter Lorbeer">Lorbeer</a> (<i>Laurus nobilis</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Pfeffer" title="Pfeffer">Schwarzer Pfeffer</a> (<i>Piper nigrum</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Majoran" title="Majoran">Majoran</a> (<i>Origanum majorana</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a> (<i>Origanum vulgare</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Muskatnussbaum" title="Muskatnussbaum">Muskatnuss</a> (<i>Myristica fragrans</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Echter_Thymian" title="Echter Thymian">Thymian</a> (<i>Thymus vulgaris</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Echter_K%C3%BCmmel" title="Echter Kümmel">Kümmel</a> (<i>Carum carvi</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Kreuzk%C3%BCmmel" title="Kreuzkümmel">Kreuzkümmel</a> (<i>Cuminum cyminum</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Petersilie" title="Petersilie">Petersilie</a> (<i>Petroselinum crispum</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Fenchel" title="Fenchel">Fenchel</a> (<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Ingwer" title="Ingwer">Ingwer</a> (<i>Zingiber officinale</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und <a href="Mutterkraut" title="Mutterkraut">Mutterkraut</a> (<i>Tanacetum parthenium</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vor.
</p><p>β-Phellandren findet sich unter anderem in <a href="Sternanis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sternanis">Sternanis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-PhyRes2020-1248_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PhyRes2020-1248-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Wacholder" title="Wacholder">Wacholder</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FFJ_1995_203_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FFJ_1995_203-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Dill_(Pflanze)" title="Dill (Pflanze)">Dill</a> (<i>Anethum graveolens</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-FFJ1997-305_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FFJ1997-305-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Arznei-Engelwurz" title="Arznei-Engelwurz">Arznei-Engelwurz</a> (<i>Angelica archangelica</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Eukalyptus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukalyptus">Eukalyptus</a> (<i><a href="Eucalyptus_dives" title="Eucalyptus dives">Eucalyptus dives</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Eucalyptus citriodora</i><sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) <a href="Kubeben-Pfeffer" title="Kubeben-Pfeffer">Kubeben-Pfeffer</a> (<i>Piper cubeba</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Echter_K%C3%BCmmel" title="Echter Kümmel">Kümmel</a> (<i>Carum carvi</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Fenchel" title="Fenchel">Fenchel</a> (<i>Foeniculum vulgare</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Ingwer" title="Ingwer">Ingwer</a> (<i>Zingiber officinale</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Petersilie" title="Petersilie">Petersilie</a> (<i>Petroselinum crispum</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Zitrone" title="Zitrone">Zitronen</a> (<i>Citrus limon</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Pfeffer" title="Pfeffer">Schwarzer Pfeffer</a> (<i>Piper nigrum</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Gr%C3%BCner_Kardamom" title="Grüner Kardamom">Grünem Kardamom</a> (<i>Elettaria cardamomum</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Muskatnussbaum" title="Muskatnussbaum">Muskatnuss</a> (<i>Myristica fragrans</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Echter_Koriander" title="Echter Koriander">Koriander</a> (<i>Coriandrum sativum</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Majoran" title="Majoran">Majoran</a> (<i>Origanum majorana</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und <a href="Gro%C3%9Fer_Wasserfenchel" title="Großer Wasserfenchel">Wasserfenchel</a> (<i>Oenanthe aquatica</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p>
<ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional">
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div>
<div class="gallerytext">Sternanis</div>
</li>
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div>
<div class="gallerytext">Dill</div>
</li>
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div>
<div class="gallerytext">Arznei-Engelwurz</div>
</li>
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div>
<div class="gallerytext">Eukalyptus</div>
</li>
<li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px">
<div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div>
<div class="gallerytext">Lorbeer</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>
<p><a href="Enantiomere" class="mw-redirect" title="Enantiomere">Enantiomere</a> <a href="Terpene" title="Terpene">Terpene</a> besitzen in der Regel einen unterschiedlichen <a href="Geruch" title="Geruch">Geruch</a>, weil die <a href="Geruchsrezeptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Geruchsrezeptor">Geruchsrezeptoren</a> des Menschen selbst <a href="Chiralit%C3%A4t_(Chemie)" title="Chiralität (Chemie)">chiral</a> sind. α-Phellandren hat einen würzigen-minzartigen Geruch, β-Phellandren riecht minzartig, außerdem riechen beide nach <a href="Terpentin" title="Terpentin">Terpentin</a>. Die <a href="Geruchsschwelle" title="Geruchsschwelle">Geruchsschwelle</a> des β-Phellandrens liegt bei 700&nbsp;<a href="Parts_per_billion" title="Parts per billion">ppb</a>.
</p><p>Die Phellandrene gehören durch die Kombination von Sechsring und konjugierten Doppelbindungen zu den Prohaptenen, d.&nbsp;h. ihre Oxidationsprodukte an der Luft bzw. Reaktionsprodukte im Kontakt mit der Haut sind allergieauslösend.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-CosIng-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CosIng_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eintrag zu <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/details/39720"><i><small>ISOPROPYLMETHYLCYCLOHEXANE</small></i></a> in der <a href="CosIng-Datenbank" title="CosIng-Datenbank">CosIng-Datenbank</a> der EU-Kommission, abgerufen am 16.&nbsp;September 2021.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MerckIndex-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MerckIndex_2-4">e</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The <a href="Merck_Index" title="Merck Index">Merck Index</a>. An Encyclopaedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals.</i> 14. Auflage, 2006, ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1, S.&nbsp;1243.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-merck-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-merck_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merckmillipore.com/DE/de/product/msds/MDA_CHEM-814893?Origin=PDP">α-Phellandren</a></span> bei <a href="Merck_KGaA" title="Merck KGaA">Merck</a>, abgerufen am 21.&nbsp;Januar 2019.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-CRC90_3_420-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CRC90_3_420_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CRC90_3_420_4-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">David R. Lide (Hrsg.): <i><a href="CRC_Handbook_of_Chemistry_and_Physics" title="CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics">CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics</a></i>. 90.&nbsp;Auflage. (Internet-Version: 2010), CRC Press&nbsp;/ Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton FL, <i>Physical Constants of Organic Compounds</i>, S.&nbsp;3-420.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Sigma-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_5-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/ALDRICH/W285609">α-Phellandrene</a></span> bei <a href="Sigma-Aldrich" title="Sigma-Aldrich">Sigma-Aldrich</a>, abgerufen am 5.&nbsp;Februar 2018 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/DE/de/sds/ALDRICH/W285609?userType=anonymous">PDF</a>).<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-PhyRes2020-1248-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-PhyRes2020-1248_6-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-PhyRes2020-1248_6-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Jayanta Kumar Patra, Gitishree Das, Sankhadip Bose, Sabyasachi Banerjee, Chethala N. Vishnuprasad, Maria Pilar Rodriguez‐Torres, Han‐Seung Shin: <cite style="font-style:italic">Star anise (Illicium verum): Chemical compounds, antiviral properties, and clinical relevance</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Phytotherapy Research</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>34</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>6</span>, Juni 2020, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>1248–1267</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6614">10.1002/ptr.6614</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Phellandrene&amp;rft.atitle=Star+anise+%28Illicium+verum%29%3A+Chemical+compounds%2C+antiviral+properties%2C+and+clinical+relevance&amp;rft.au=Jayanta+Kumar+Patra%2C+Gitishree+Das%2C+Sankhadip+Bose%2C+...&amp;rft.date=2020-06&amp;rft.doi=10.1002%2Fptr.6614&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.jtitle=Phytotherapy+Research&amp;rft.pages=1248-1267&amp;rft.volume=34" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FFJ1997-305-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FFJ1997-305_7-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-FFJ1997-305_7-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Birgit Faber, Kerstin Bangert, Armin Mosandl: <cite style="font-style:italic">GC-IRMS and enantioselective analysis in biochemical studies in dill (Anethum graveolens L.)</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Flavour_and_Fragrance_Journal" title="Flavour and Fragrance Journal">Flavour and Fragrance Journal</a></cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>12</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>5</span>, September 1997, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>305–309</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/%28SICI%291099-1026%28199709%2F10%2912%3A5%3C305%3A%3AAID-FFJ659%3E3.0.CO%3B2-7">10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199709/10)12:5&lt;305::AID-FFJ659&gt;3.0.CO;2-7</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Phellandrene&amp;rft.atitle=GC-IRMS+and+enantioselective+analysis+in+biochemical+studies+in+dill+%28Anethum+graveolens+L.%29&amp;rft.au=Birgit+Faber%2C+Kerstin+Bangert%2C+Armin+Mosandl&amp;rft.date=1997-09&amp;rft.doi=10.1002%2F%28SICI%291099-1026%28199709%2F10%2912%3A5%3C305%3A%3AAID-FFJ659%3E3.0.CO%3B2-7&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.jtitle=Flavour+and+Fragrance+Journal&amp;rft.pages=305-309&amp;rft.volume=12" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Dr._Dukes_A-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_A_8-13">n</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phytochem.nal.usda.gov/phytochem/chemicals/show/49359">ALPHA-PHELLANDRENE</a></span> (englisch). In: <i>Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database</i>, Hrsg. <a href="Landwirtschaftsministerium_der_Vereinigten_Staaten" title="Landwirtschaftsministerium der Vereinigten Staaten">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>, abgerufen am 18.&nbsp;August 2021.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Ullmann-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_9-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_9-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_9-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_9-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Karl‐Georg Fahlbusch, Franz‐Josef Hammerschmidt, Johannes Panten, Wilhelm Pickenhagen, Dietmar Schatkowski, Kurt Bauer, Dorothea Garbe, Horst Surburg: <cite style="font-style:italic">Flavors and Fragrances</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>15</span>, 2012, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>73–198</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a11_141">10.1002/14356007.a11_141</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Phellandrene&amp;rft.atitle=Flavors+and+Fragrances&amp;rft.au=Karl%E2%80%90Georg+Fahlbusch%2C+Franz%E2%80%90Josef+Hammerschmidt%2C+Johannes+Panten%2C+...&amp;rft.btitle=Ullmann%E2%80%99s+Encyclopedia+of+Industrial+Chemistry&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.doi=10.1002%2F14356007.a11_141&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=73-198&amp;rft.volume=15" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FFJ_1995_203-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FFJ_1995_203_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">R. Hiltunen, I. Laakso: <cite style="font-style:italic">Gas chromatographic analysis and biogenetic relationships of monoterpene enantiomers in Scots Pine and juniper needle oils</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Flavour_and_Fragrance_Journal" title="Flavour and Fragrance Journal">Flavour and Fragrance Journal</a></cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>10</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>3</span>, Mai 1995, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em">&nbsp;</span>203</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.2730100314">10.1002/ffj.2730100314</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Phellandrene&amp;rft.atitle=Gas+chromatographic+analysis+and+biogenetic+relationships+of+monoterpene+enantiomers+in+Scots+Pine+and+juniper+needle+oils&amp;rft.au=R.+Hiltunen%2C+I.+Laakso&amp;rft.date=1995-05&amp;rft.doi=10.1002%2Fffj.2730100314&amp;rft.genre=journal&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=Flavour+and+Fragrance+Journal&amp;rft.pages=203&amp;rft.volume=10" style="display:none">&nbsp;</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Dr._Dukes_B-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Dr._Dukes_B_11-12">m</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phytochem.nal.usda.gov/phytochem/chemicals/show/50430">BETA-PHELLANDRENE</a></span> (englisch). In: <i>Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Database</i>, Hrsg. <a href="Landwirtschaftsministerium_der_Vereinigten_Staaten" title="Landwirtschaftsministerium der Vereinigten Staaten">U.S. Department of Agriculture</a>, abgerufen am 18.&nbsp;August 2021.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">M. A. Bergstrom et al.: <i>Conjugated dienes as prohaptens in contact allergy: in vivo and in vitro studies of structure-activity relationships, sensitizing capacity, and metabolic activation.</i> In: <i><a href="Chemical_Research_in_Toxicology" title="Chemical Research in Toxicology">Chemical Research in Toxicology</a>.</i> Band 19, 2006, S.&nbsp;760–769, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16780354?dopt=Abstract">PMID 16780354</a>.</span>
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